Flat Epithelial Atypia

Flat epithelial atypia (FEA) is a condition when abnormally shaped cells line the insides of the terminal duct lobular unit in the breast.

The multidisciplinary team at Tampa General Hospital’s Breast Cancer Center accurately diagnoses flat epithelial atypia, a benign neoplasm that can form in the breast. Our experienced surgical oncologists perform biopsies and can determine if FEA is present in a patient and create a personalized treatment plan. TGH is accredited by the Commissioner on Cancer (CoC), a quality program of the American College of Surgeons and has been designated as a High-Performing Hospital for Cancer treatment for 2023-24 by U.S. News & World Report.

What Is Flat Epithelial Atypia?

Terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs) are structures in the breast that produce milk during lactation. These lobules are also the main source for most breast cancers. Abnormal, or atypical, cells can line up in columns along the inside of the terminal duct lobular units, causing a condition called flat epithelial atypia. Flat epithelial atypia is a noncancerous cell change that can grow as thick as five or six epithelial cells, which is two to three times the normal thickness of the breast duct lining. While flat epithelial atypia has been known to occur alongside ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), a cancerous lesion on the breast, there is little evidence that shows the two conditions are linked.

What Symptoms Are Associated With Flat Epithelial Atypia?

Flat epithelial atypia itself is not considered a disease but rather a cellular change in breast tissue. Therefore, it does not cause any noticeable physical signs or symptoms. It is usually a microscopic finding detected during breast biopsies.

What Causes Flat Epithelial Atypia?

The exact causes of flat epithelial atypia are not fully understood. However, FEA is often associated with hormonal factors, such as estrogen exposure, hormonal imbalances and fluctuations. Other potential contributing factors may include age, genetic predisposition and certain benign breast conditions.

How Is Flat Epithelial Atypia Diagnosed?

Flat epithelial atypia is typically diagnosed through breast biopsy. When suspicious changes are detected in mammograms or during clinical breast exams, a biopsy (either a needle biopsy or excision biopsy) can be performed to collect tissue samples. These samples are examined by a pathologist who analyzes the cells under a microscope. The presence of specific cellular changes, such as atypical ductal epithelial cells, confirms the diagnosis of flat epithelial atypia. Regular breast screening and follow-up evaluations are crucial for individuals with FEA to monitor any potential changes or progression.

How Is Flat Epithelial Atypia Treated?

Treatment for flat epithelial atypia primarily involves close monitoring and follow-up. Since FEA itself is not considered a disease but a cellular change, specific treatment is not usually required. However, individuals with FEA may undergo more frequent breast screenings and surveillance to monitor for any signs of progression or development of more concerning abnormalities. In some cases, further diagnostic procedures or interventions may be recommended based on individual circumstances and risk factors.

Become a Patient

Flat epithelial atypia is not a cancer, but it can be found next to something more concerning. Contact Tampa General Hospital’s Breast Cancer Center today at (800) 844-4554 to learn more about flat epithelial atypia or to schedule an appointment.